Explosive-engine.



O. J. PARRAR. EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

l APPLICATION FILED MAY 10, 1907. 91 9,842. I

Patented A .27, 1909.

2 SHE SHEET 2.

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oHARL'Es J. FARRAR, or cnarror, Pnxxsyrvixrr EXPLOSIVE- ENGINE ISpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 27, 1909.

Application filed May 10, 1997 Serial No. 372,851.

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHAR- ns J. FARR-AR, a citizen of the United States,and residing Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented ordiscovered new and useful 1111-- provements in Explosive-Engines, ofwhich the following is a specificationl My invention consists in certainnew and useful improvements in explosive engines and is particularlyapplicable to the type of engines known as four cycle. ticularly, Iprovide means for doing away with the complicated and delicate valvemechanism now required in that class of engines and substitute thereforopen ports. To attain these ends I provide gas inlet and outlet passagesin the wall of the cylinder casting which intermittently register with aort in the piston communicating with the interior of the cylinder.termittent registration, I im art a rotary movement to the piston in adition to its rccigpoeation. 4

- venient means, not shown. I prefer to int-erpose ball bearings, ]2l2,or other anti- I I friction devices, between said head 9 and the in theborough of Grafton, III the county of H 1 More parcollar 11 and piston10 so that the piston may be rotated, as hereinafter described, withoutinterference from the connecting rod 8.

14 is a shaft rigidly attached to piston 10 and extending up through thecylinder head 15 where it is provided with a suitable stuffing box, notshown, to prevent lea khge of gas from the cylinder.

16 is a beveled gear rigidly mounted on main shaft 4 and meshing with asecond beveled gear 17 rlgidly mounted on the end To obtain such inorthe sake of illustration, I have shown a smgle cylinder engine, but itwill be readily I understood that any number of cylinders "desired maybe provided.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a singlecylinder engine fitted with my invention, the cylinder,

piston, band pulley and one of the fl y wheels I sing shown In section;Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are horizontal sectlons along the line III in Fig. 1,illustrating, respectively, the piston.

at the beginning of the exhaust, suction and compression strokes; Fig. 5is a similar sec-.

tion along the line III 1V in Fig. 1, illustrating the piston and thebeginnin of the explosion stroke, and Fig. 6 is a bro (en sec-- tion ofthe cylinder similar to Fig. 1, the piston being omitted to show theports and channels in the cylinder casting.

The following is a detailed description of the embodiment of theinvention illustrated in the drawings.

1 is the bed plate of the engine and 2 the cylinder casting preferablyprovided with an integral water jacket 3."

4 is the main shaft, and 6 the band ulleys 7 is the crank to which ispivotally attached the connecting rod 8 attached at its other end'tohead 9 which is pivotally attached to the iston 10 by means of flanged5-5 the fly wheels collar 11 attac ed to the piston by any 0on of shaft18 which may be suitably journaled from the cylinder casting. The. otherend of said shaft 18 is ro-videdv with a second gear wheel 19 rigid yattached thereto and meshing with an idle gear 20 mounted. pn shaft 21extending from the cylinder casting.

22 is a gear wheel slidably mounted on the ex'oscd end of shaft 14 whichshaft is Cprovided with a spline 23 which is engage by key 24 carried.by hub 25 of gear 22, thus causing the gear to rotate said shaft,-andpreventing the lateral displacement of the gear when the shaft 14reciprocates with the piston.

2626 are straps attached to hub 25 of gear 22 and engaging the shoulder27 on extension collar 28 attached to cylinder casting 2, andsurrounding ,the shaft 14. It is evident that, by means of the gears andshafting above described, the piston 10 will be continuously rotatedfrom main shaft 4 while at the same time reciprocating. The gears are soproportioned that the piston completes a rotation for every tworevolutions of the main shaft.

29 is a port leading through the wall of the cylinder casting 2 and solocated as to be at all times covered by the body of the piston 10. Saidport connects at its exterior with the exhaust and at its interior no tha. channel or groove 30 formed in the bore of the cylinder-and leadingupward. at an angle in the direction of rotation of the piston throughsomewhat less than ninety degrees of the periphery of the bore, and toan elevation somewhat greater than the limit of travel of the lower endof the piston.

31 is asecond port through the cylinder casting, somewhat less,preferably, than one hundred and eight y degrees from the port 29 in thedirection of piston rotation and on substantially a horizontal line withport 29. l reaches and registers with. port 31, thus At the exterior ofthe casting, said port 31 connects with the carbureter or other fuelsupply and at the inner end of said port with I a'channel or groove 32,similar to channel and extending upwardly at an equal elevation and at areverse angle to said channel 30 through somewhat less than ninetydegrees to an elevation substantially equal to that of channel 30.

33 is a port in the wall of piston 10 and Communicating with verticalpassage 34 in said piston wall opening into the interior of thecylinder. It is evident that, if the piston completes a full rotationonce in every four strokes of the same, in the stroke illustrated inFigs. 1 and 2, the port 33 in the piston will at first register withport and thereafter during the following quadrant of rotation Willcontinuously register with channel '%0 in the cylinder bore whilethe'piston ascends until said port 33 rises above said channel, and whensaid piston descends during the next stroke, the said port 33 will bemaintained in registration with the channel 332 until it registers withport 31. 0n the third stroke, as illustrated in Fig. 4, the retation ofthe piston will have thrown port 33 to the blind side of the'cylinderbore containing neither ports nor channels, and likewise in the foiirthstroke as illustrated in Fig. 5.

35 is the sparking plug of any convenient design, extending into thecylinder bore adjacent to the head thereof and connected in the usualmanner with the secondary of the .induction coil 36, the primary ofwhich is Wired to the circuit breaker 37 operated once in everyrevolution by the gear 22.

38 is the battery and 39 the ground.

The operation of my engine as above illustrated is as follows: In theposition shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the piston is supposed to have justcompleted the explosion stroke and to be at the beginning of the exhauststroke. The port 33 registers with port 29 thus forming an open passagefrom the interior of the cylinder to the exhaust. As

the piston rises on the stroke, it is graduallyrotated through a quarterturn or quadrant, thus maintaining the registration of port 33 withchannel 30 wherel'iy'an open passage from the interior of the cylinderto the exhaust is formed, until, as the piston nears the completion ofthe stroke, the port 33 rises above the upper end of channel 30. It isevident that the compression caused by the rise of the piston in thecylinder will expel through the open passage above described all theproducts of combustion remaining from the last explosion stroke. As thepiston descends on the next stroke, as shown in Fig. 3, it is graduallyrotated through a second. quadrant bringing and maintaining port 33 inregistration with channel 32 until it maintaining during said stroke anopen passage belt-ween the interior of the cylinder and the carburetoror other fuel supply, thus sucking into the cylinder during this strokea fresh charge of fuel. As the piston starts on the next stroke the port33 passes to the blind side of the cylinder bore, as shown in Fig. 1-,thus sealing said port against the escape of gas from the interior ofthe cylinder and thus compressing, as the piston rises, the chargesucked induring the preceding stroke. As the piston starts to descend onthe fourth and last stroke of the cycle, the port 33 is still sealed bythe blind. side of the cylinder bore, as shown in Fig. 5. As the pistonbegins to descend, the gear 22 operates the circuit breaker 37 causingthe plug 35 to spark and ignite the charge compressed in the cylinder.An explosion constituting the power stroke follows. 33 being sealed, thefull force of the explosion exerted on the piston. At the completion ofthe abo". 0 described stroke, the piston is in in the positionshoun inFigs. 2 and 3 and ready to begin the exhaust stroke. I prefer to provideport 33 in the face of the piston ll) with a packing ring or gasket 4-0,of suitable material, set into the face of the piston to )revent theleakin of was throu h nitss'as'c b n h h 33 into the cylinder bore whilethe port 33 1S traversing the blind p1adranls. It is thus evident thatthe cylinder is charged and exhausted on the proper strokes without theuse of valve mechanism.

Although i have illustrated the application of my invention to a. fourcycle engine, it is evident that-the principles thereof may be appliedto any type of-explosive engine having a reciprocating piston.

Although for the sake of clearness l have described the mechanism shownin the drawings with great minuteness, I do not wish to limit myselfthereby but claim broadly z-- 1. In anexplosive engine, a cylinder, afuel inlet passage in said cylinder, an exhaust passage for the productsof combustion in said cylinder adapted to be intermittently opened andclosed by the motion of the englne piston, a piston adapted to be bothreciprocated and rotated within said cylinder, an inlet passage in saidpiston adapted to be intermittently brought into comnninicatimi withsaid inlet passage in said cylinder by the movement of said piston, areciprocating connecting rod extending into the rear end of saidcylinder and having a swivel connection with said piston, a shaftrigidly connected to said piston and extending through the front end ofsaid cylinder and means for imparting rotation to said shaft from saidengine, for the purposes described.

2. In. an explosive engine, a cylinder, a fuel inlet passage in saidcylinder, an exhaust passage for the products of combustion in 34 andnor? During this stroke the port end of said cylinder, a

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said cylinder adapted to be intermittently communicating 'with theinterior of said opened and closed by the motion of the gine piston, apiston adapted to be both ciprocated and rotated Within said cylinder,an inlet with said inlet passage in said cylinder by the connecting rodextending into the rear end of said cylinder and having a swivelconnection with said piston, a shaft rigidly connected to said pistonand extending through the front ble connection with the crank shaft ofthe engine and operative connection between;

said shafts, for the purposes described.

3. In an explosive engine, a cylinder, a

fuel inlet passage in said cylinder, an exhaust passage for the productsof combustion in said cylinder adapted to be intermittently opened andclosed by the motion of the engine piston, channels in the bore of saidcylinder communicating, respectively, with said inlet and exhaustpassages, a piston adapted to be both reciprocated and rotated withinsaid cylinder, an inlet passage in said piston communicatingwith theinterior of said cylinder and adapted to be intermittently brought intocommunication with said inlet passage in said cylinder and itscommunicatmg channel by the movement of said piston,

a connecting rod extending into the rear endof said cylinder and havinga swivel connection with said piston to reciprocate the rod, a shaftrigidlyattached to said piston and extending through the front end ofsaid cylinder and means whereby said shaft is rotated by the engine.

4. In an explosive engine, a cylinder, a fueilnllet passage in saidcylinder, an exhaust passage for the products of combustion in saidcylinder adapted to be intermittently opened and closed by themotion ofthe engine piston, channels in the bore of said cylinder communicating,respectively, with said inlet and exhaust passages, a piston adapted tobe both reciprocated and rotated Within said cylinder, an inlet passagein said piston second shaft in rotataencylinder and re- 1 brought intocommunication with said inlet passage in said piston adapted to beintermittently brought into communication I attached to adapted to beintermittently passage in said cylinder and its communicatmg channel bythe movement of said piston, a connecting rod extending into the rear ofi said cylinder and having as wrvel connection movem nt of said piston,a rec1procat1ngwith said piston to reciprocate the rod, a shaft rigidlyattached .to a piston and extending through the front end of saidcylinder, a second-sh aft rotated by the engine and operative meanswhereby rotation is communicated to said first shaft from said secondshaft, for the purposes described.

5. In an explosive engine, a cylinder, a fuel passage in said cylinder,an exhaust passage for the products of combustion in said I cylinderadapted to be intermittently opened and closed by the motion of theengine piston, channels in the bore of said cylinder communicating,respectively, with said inlet and exhaust inder, an inlet passage insaid piston com municating with the interior of said cylinder andadapted 'to be intermittently brought into communication with said inletpassage in said cylinder and its communicating chan nel by the movementof said piston, a connecting rod pivoted to the crank shaft of theengine, extending into the rear of said cylinder and having a swivelconnection with said piston to reciprocate the rod, a shaft rigidly saidpiston and. extending through the front end ofsaid cylinder, a secondshaft parallel with said first shaft and receiving rotation from thecrank shaft of the engine and gears interposed between said shaftswhereby said first shaft and the piston attached thereto are'rotated,for the purposes described.

Signed at Pittsburg,

Penna. this 9th day of May, 1907;

CHARLES J. FARRAR.

Witnesses:

J. H. PRICE, M. MURRAY.

passages, a piston adapted to be both reciprocated and rotated with saidcyl-

